Note the differences in =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? aqmd. 1. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. The American Geosciences Institute represents and serves the geoscience community by providing collaborative leadership and information to connect Earth, science, and people. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. Last updated November 26, 2013. As the drum rotated, t, pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface, between arrival of P and S waves is called, epicenter, the longer the lag time measured, velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the. You learned that seismologists determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter using the difference between S and P wave arrival times. hbb2b`b``a I @ endstream endobj 62 0 obj <>/Metadata 55 0 R/Pages 51 0 R/StructTreeRoot 57 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 63 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Fields[]>> endobj 64 0 obj <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 65 0 obj <> endobj 66 0 obj <> endobj 67 0 obj <> endobj 68 0 obj <>stream Focal Depth. The time Students also investigate which structural designs are most likely to survive an earthquake. P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake your answers below. What is the time lag for the Seattle, Washington, seismic station? Ask students what fault they think caused this earthquake. miles from the epicenter of an Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. What about P waves? Thanks for your feedback! d>(ZvO= You can also download it, export it or print it out. 0000001978 00000 n !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. different types of seismic waves. Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. CH 02 HW - Chapter 2 physics homework for Mastering, Leadership class , week 3 executive summary, I am doing my essay on the Ted Talk titaled How One Photo Captured a Humanitie Crisis https, School-Plan - School Plan of San Juan Integrated School, SEC-502-RS-Dispositions Self-Assessment Survey T3 (1), Techniques DE Separation ET Analyse EN Biochimi 1, Use a travel-time graph to convert lag time into distance. A circle with a radius of the distance to the quake can be drawn. I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. (Source: USGS). 0000115324 00000 n Divide the class into student pairs, and have them assemble at their computers with journals/paper and writing instruments. The farther away the epicenter is, the greater the difference . Legal. What is the 0000002840 00000 n Epicenter Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus of the earthquake 5. Yw8SxGk}X3kfTfW& gk`41#'uf7"G\fsN4^8jC7[+%`qFLFKpFc Use the process of triangulation to locate an earthquake's epicenter. (Listen to student ideas.) Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. Collect any giveaways for the students, such as earthquake posters or plate tectonic fliers. www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. Read through the sections What Is Seismology and What Are Seismic Waves?, Where Do Earthquakes Happen?, and Why Do Earthquakes Happen? to answer the following questions: What is the difference between S and P waves? So next, students compute the magnitude of this same earthquake by looking at the three simplified seismograms again, but this time selecting each's maximum S wave amplitude (height). Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake In this lab exercise, you will locate the epicenter of an earthquake. Success is figuring out that the estimated magnitude is 5.9. Construct an oral and written argument supported by empirical evidence and scientific reasoning to support or refute an explanation or a model for a phenomenon or a solution to a problem. (Grades Was there an initial quake followed by smaller quakes? The period of P waves is shorter, than the period of surface waves. S wave: The second seismic wave of an earthquake. Click on New Document and select the file importing option: upload Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key from your device, the cloud, or a protected link. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. Conclude the activity with a class discussion (and perhaps homework questions) to share ideas and answers, as described in the Assessment section. The answer is the San Andreas Fault. farther from the epicenter of an earthquake? Using historical seismographs, engineers forecast the strength or magnitude of earthquakes and make predictions and determine building codes and safety protocols. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. (from left to right). Resources. See Answer. 6. Mark the first arrival of the swave on each seismogram. "`B(R6sj [CX7p+s =#;~ `'kA Students learn about factors that engineers take into consideration when designing buildings for earthquake-prone regions. 0000001862 00000 n moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. P and Swaves are body waves and travel, through the interior of the earth. Encourage them to explore all of the Earthquakes Living Lab as they complete the worksheet. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. 0000001675 00000 n minutes = 6 minutes. inch = 500 km. 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In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g., by state; within source by type; e.g., science or mathematics; Q(_?!6YV3B"\'9:4gTp*7^/P.X!skfkJ)1nG#a\{UD+iWM+ rQR]9SFTUPlM#"c:;tnsQPlu]Uyv?Ge}W;8cMA/x}'5clES~+}S+N7}wQ:/BkmI^" 5oqaBC[TRjq4.e}F:SQg{=u\xcg~EaZKReoC?oahJ` 'w endstream endobj 77 0 obj <>stream Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. This worksheet focuses on using the p and s graph to find different variables. 4. fault - a fracture in Earth's crust where the rocks on either side have moved. 0000001396 00000 n 0000003254 00000 n technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. A little under 30 seconds, maybe around 26 seconds. hWmo9+[+UH EkNB|6YiaVJ=cRh7{T1R,5LI1$K=s)XR&87@&$LTPLutlcyNuzjf--\?qaXZM&HM.Eg"HnTqSWqN0&~2kf0 Md|d&:zhe)7I? 0000031066 00000 n distance from transducer to the focal point. HTAn The magnitude is the logarithm of the amplitude of the ground wave. All 100,000+ K-12 STEM standards covered in TeachEngineering are collected, maintained and packaged by the Achievement Standards Network (ASN), Figure 1 is a simplified example of a In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. As discussed earlier in this lesson, this method of determining the epicenter of an . %PDF-1.5 % earthquake. What was the lag time (in minutes) at this location? There are two sets of data and maps to do this activity/ lab for than once. Direct student pairs to independently complete the tutorial/simulation to find an epicenter location via the triangulation method and compute the earthquake magnitude: The simulation directs students to look at three simplified seismograms from seismic stations in Chile (Talca, Santiago, Osorno) and select the correct measurements of the S-P intervals. and S waves to travel any distance up to (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations - New York, Nome, Alaska, and Mexico City. %PDF-1.3 % 1,000 miles from the epicenter of an earthquake? Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. Sharing Information/Thinking Ahead: In the Evaluate section of the worksheet, student pairs are asked to compose answers to two questionswhether they think seismology is a reliable science and ways seismic data is useful for engineers. 0000030240 00000 n Figure 2 is a seismic wave travel-time 0000098546 00000 n 0000002383 00000 n Question 5 of 22 4.55/ 4.55 Points Questions 5 through 11 are based on Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake. Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach the, seismic station first. Tracings made at three separate seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake epicenter. Locating an Epicenter through Triangulation of Seismic Data- Remote/Hybrid/Live. By looking at the time between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves, one can determine the distance to the earthquake from that station, with longer time intervals indicating longer distance. Epicenter. To make a magnitude determination, two measurements are needed: the S-P interval (already determined earlier in the tutorial) and the maximum amplitude of the seismic waves. The vertical lines, spaced one We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. PS: We do not share personal information or emails with anyone. %PDF-1.4 % distance = travel time for S waves An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. Hand out the worksheets to the groups and direct them to read through the instructions. Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. 0000003991 00000 n This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. 1. PDF. You will analyze the records and locate the earthquake using a method known 0000003966 00000 n 11 minutes elapsed between the first P wave and the last measurable surface wave. Another method of locating an earthquake is to use the P-wave arrival-time minus origin-time (P - O) interval instead of distance. Use the graph to answer the questions that follow. Locating Epicenter Lab Worksheet (1).docx, Updating Patient Registration B at 08_10_2022 03_03 PM.pdf, You need to deploy an Azure environment that meets the company migration plan, Step 1 of 2 Program 1 A Simple Python Program Welcome with Two Messages Running, More women in academia report polarization assimilation in male skewed and male, A TACACS B RADIUS C Kerberos D SAML Correct Answer D QUESTION 321 A network, PTSD in Children and Adolescents - Copy - Copy - Copy - Copy.docx, Effects of Excitation and Prime Mover Control The excitation control helps to, D1 Fundamental security design principles.docx, Question 5 Correct Mark 100 out of 100 Remove flag Question 6 Correct Mark 100, Thomas Concurrence broadly attacked current NDD Federal gov should be allowed to, 769 Water at 15C is to be heated to 65C by passing it over a bundle of 4 m. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. 107 0 obj <>stream Develop a solution to a technological problem that has the least negative environmental and social impact. 0000002094 00000 n 0000010002 00000 n Figure 8. Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. It shows the time required for P 0000103591 00000 n View Notes - Locating_an_epicenter_activity from SCIENCE Earth Scie at Toms River High North. 0000001562 00000 n The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. Share with Classes. DocHub v5.1.1 Released! 0000000956 00000 n Subjects: Earth Sciences, General Science Grades: 5th - 8th Types: Activities, Laboratory Geology Labs On-Line, Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. Even though the scale formulae are different, MMS retains the familiar continuum of magnitude values defined by the older scale. consider a seismograph stationed 3, 0000078100 00000 n to the lag time measured at this location? 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key (PDF) - skislah.edu Web12-earthquake-location-lab-answer-key 1/1 Downloaded from skislah.edu.my on February 15, 2023 by guest 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key Right here, we have countless ebook 12 Earthquake Location Lab Answer Key and collections to check out. Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects. 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key Earthquakes occur when the big pieces of earth's crust, called plates, move a little. The, amount of time that passes between the Pwave arrival and the Swave arrival is. The Richter scale was created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. xb``d``Id`a`Ab@_ :iWGi>|q` Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. 0000001746 00000 n How might they use this information? When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. This investigation is considered generally safe to do with students. Figure 13.10). The distance is in kilometers. How are S and P waves used to determine how far away epicenters are? Also called seismometer. In a concluding class discussion, have groups share their ideas about engineering and one new thing they learned about earthquakes. Why might the triangulation method not always produce an exact point (other than your measurement errors)? Figure 2. pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface Earthquakes and Volcanoes. As you read and complete the activity, take notes so you can complete the. A.45 seconds B.50 seconds C.55 seconds D.65 seconds Answer Key: D The earthquake occurred somewhere along that circle. Nov 2, 2020 Triangulation is used to determine the location of an earthquake. travel 3,000 miles. The vertical lines, spaced one, minute apart, represent the passage of time, (from left to right). 500p;333aXb3 \a.1. lag time. Add to Library. To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . follow our easy steps to get your lab activity locating epicenters answer key well prepared rapidly choose the template in the library enter all necessary information in the required llable areas the While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[83 25]/Info 82 0 R/Length 62/Prev 466624/Root 84 0 R/Size 108/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Swaves arrive at the seismic station after the Pwaves. Every year, earthquakes cause death and destruction worldwide. P wave: The first seismic wave of an earthquake. 0000008845 00000 n minutes and P waves 8 minutes to First, determine the P-wave arrival, and read down to the bottom of the seismogram to note at what time (usually marked in seconds) that the P-wave arrived. Millions of people witnessed the motion of the earthquake on television. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter, The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are P, waves, Swaves, and Surface waves. 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . (Figure 3):. If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". within type by subtype, then by grade, etc. Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video shake, shake, shake. How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? Focus. (Grades Dochub is the best editor for changing your documents online. Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. 0000000856 00000 n Use this information to complete the following. Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. 0000001143 00000 n They use three seismographs in a process called triangulation to determine earthquake epicenters. epicenter, the longer the lag time measured To accurately locate an earthquake epicenter, records from three. 0000004060 00000 n El trmino tambin puede hacer referencia al ttulo o nombre de alguien a quien se di, Practica II - De Psicologian membrete es aquello que se ubica en el sector superior de una pgina, mencionando el ttulo o el nombre de un individuo, una empresa, etc. The uses of technologies and any limitations on their use are driven by individual or societal needs, desires, and values; by the findings of scientific research; and by differences in such factors as climate, natural resources, and economic conditions. The seismometers are shown as green dots. to the lag time measured at this location? One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. 0000007783 00000 n Though the distance to the epicenter can be determined using a travel-time graph, the direction cannot be told. In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographs from at least three different places are needed for a particular event. question 1 of 3. Make arrangements so that each student group has a computer with Internet access. The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. Run through the investigation yourself and record the data, just to see how long it takes. Y$Kr;V6[;Dq vg~cx:A[^jCssupwD endstream endobj 80 0 obj <> endobj 81 0 obj <>stream For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." For lower grades, just introduce the concepts of triangulation and the magnitude scale; a thorough understanding of P and S waves is not vital. %%EOF Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Key Concepts . epicenter: A point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the place where the underground forces of an earthquake originate. In this activity, the epicenter of the earthquake is in the center of Los Angeles, CA. 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter The Science of Earthquakes | U.S. Geological Survey An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one . Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. important in helping seismologists determine the epicenter of the earthquake. 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How do we determine the epicenter of an earthquake?
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