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our elections: badly kept lists, shoddy ballots during the 2000 Presidential Election. Brady, Henry E.; Collier, David (2004). Nationally, Bush had won 246 electoral votes; Gore had won 260. . BDO Seidman's results, reported in USA Today, show that under the strictest standard, where only a cleanly punched ballot with a fully removed chad was counted, Gore's margin was three votes. 34K 2.2M views 4 years ago #HistoryChannel Learn how Florida ended up determining whether Al Gore or George W. Bush would win the U.S. presidency in 2000. (Three other tallies that are not statewide votes are also in the balance as the recount begins.). As the Electoral College vote took shape on election night, with the results piling up from around the country, it was clear the vote in Florida was going to determine not only the winner of that state's 25 electoral votes but the next occupant of the Oval Office. Undervotes (ballots that did not register any vote when counted by machine) were the subject of much media coverage, most of the lawsuits and the Florida Supreme Court ruling. in the election of 2000 florida was brainly The outcome of the 2000 United States presidential election was not known for more than a month after balloting because of the extended process of counting and recounting Florida's presidential ballots. [36], The project's goal was to determine the reliability and accuracy of the systems used in the voting process, including how different systems correlated with voter mistakes. Direct link to ayushkadri's post No. [4] Once it became clear that Florida would decide the presidential election, the nation's attention focused on the manual recount. 2000 Electoral College Results. Such explanations did little to lessen the sense of anger among black Democrats. Five hundred thirty-seven votes. Bush led Gore in Florida by 1784 votes. United States presidential election of 2004 - Britannica do not count any votes for the marked candidate (9): count votes for the punched candidate if the write-in is an uncertified person's name, On November 8, Florida Division of Elections staff prepared a press release for Secretary of State. This page was last edited on 31 January 2023, at 18:06. As the manual recounts progressed, most of Florida's counties were considering overseas absentee ballots. These standards are applied to both undervotes and overvotes. The project ended up using a sample that was 1,333 votes fewer than the expected total of votes, with most of the variation in Votomatic overvotes, the ballots least likely to yield votes in a recount. Gore received the most votes, with 48.4% of the popular vote compared to 47.9% for Bush. The Gore campaign requested that disputed ballots in Miami-Dade, Broward, Palm Beach and Volusia Counties be counted by hand. It would have made the election longer, yes, but was it REALLY unconstitutional? In particular, from summer 1999 to spring 2000, Florida's voter list was subject to an unusually high number of problems. There were confusing ballots marked for third-party candidate Patrick Buchanan in heavily Democratic precincts, suggesting they were cast by voters who had thought they were voting for Gore. The study cost nearly $1 million and was the most thorough and comprehensive news-media review of the Florida balloting. Robert King/Getty Images In its opinion, the Supreme Court cited several areas where the Florida Supreme Court had violated both the federal and Florida constitutions. Gore, legal case, decided on December 12, 2000, in which the Supreme Court of the United States reversed an order by the Florida Supreme Court for a selective manual recount of that state's U.S. presidential election ballots. The Florida election was closely scrutinized after Election Day. She said that she used both sides of the ballot in order to make the candidate names larger so the county's elderly residents could more easily see the names.[54]. Their predictions came not long after the official closing time for voting in the state, when relatively few votes had actually been counted. Harris announced that Bush had won Florida. Bush won the Republican nomination after a heated battle against Arizona Senator John McCain in the primaries. The only exception: African-Americans. Rove was political even as a young child. Most restrictive standard: requires fully punched chads and complete fills on optical scan ballots, no overvotes. On November 9, the Bush campaign announced they had hired George H. W. Bush's former Secretary of State James Baker and Republican political consultant Roger Stone to oversee their legal team,[8][9] and the Gore campaign hired Bill Clinton's former Secretary of State Warren Christopher. When the Florida Supreme Court ordered a statewide recount of remaining uncounted undervotes, it stipulated that the incomplete results from Palm Beach and Miami-Dade Counties that had been rejected by Katherine Harris be counted. Decisions by some canvassing boards to count illegal overseas absentee ballots. USA Today, 11 May 2001. Could Florida have decided not to send its electors to the Electoral College if it did not have time to ensure the election was properly counted? See how a vote recount in the state. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [12] This statutory process primarily accommodated recounts for local elections. On December 4, the Court ordered the Florida Supreme Court to clarify its ruling that had extended the certification date. Print and broadcast media cited often contradictory exit-polling numbers, and the races in Oregon and New Mexico would remain too close to call for some days. Unlike the much-discussed Palm Beach County butterfly ballot, the Duval County ballot spread choices for president over two non-facing pages. This immediately reduced the Bush margin from 537 to 154 (537215168 is 154). According to standards being applied by each county at the time. That's all that separated Democrat Al Gore and his Republican challenger George W. Bush when, on November 26, 2000, three weeks after Election Day, the state of. That study was conducted by a group that included the Miami Herald, USA Today and Knight Ridder newspapers. On December 12, 2000, in a 72 ruling, the U.S. Supreme Court overturned the Florida Supreme Courts decision that manual recounts of ballots should continue in some counties, holding that the various methods and standards of the recount process violated the equal protection clause of the U.S. Constitution. [4][6] According to legal analyst Jeffrey Toobin, later analysis showed that a total of 18 countiesaccounting for a quarter of all votes cast in Floridadid not carry out the legally mandated machine recount, but "No one from the Gore campaign ever challenged this view" that the machine recount had been completed.[7]. Salvado says that this alone cost Gore the election. rythionic. That meant he would be president. Canvassing boards of Alachua, Bay, Bradford, Charlotte, Columbia, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Hendry, Hernando, Holmes, Lake, Manatee, Okaloosa, Okeechobee, St. Johns and Washington Counties, Election day decisions by 17 Optiscan counties not to "manually review overvotes that couldn't be properly read by machine", Canvassing boards of Alachua, Bay, Charlotte, Citrus, Columbia, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Holmes, Jackson, Lake, Leon, Manatee, Monroe, Okaloosa, Okeechobee, St. Johns, Suwanee and Washington Counties, Election day decisions by 19 Optiscan counties not to "manually review undervotes that couldn't be read by counting machines", Canvassing boards of Collier, DeSoto, Dixie, Duval, Glades, Hardee, Highlands, Hillsborough, Indian River, Jefferson, Lee, Madison, Marion, Miami-Dade, Nassau, Osceola, Pasco, Pinellas, Sarasota, Sumter and Wakulla Counties, Election day decisions by 21 punch-card counties not to "attempt to determine voter intent on undervotes that couldn't be read by counting machines", The above 21 boards plus Palm Beach County Canvassing Board, Election day decisions by 22 punch-card counties not to "attempt to determine voter intent on overvotes that couldn't be properly read by machine", Decision not to review dimpled ballots with clear indications of intent, Decision to change county's certified vote from the mechanical recount total back to the election night vote total, Decision not to include Palm Beach County's vote recount results (all but 53 precincts) submitted before certification deadline, Decision not to include Miami-Dade County's vote recount results (139 precincts) accomplished before certification deadline. The NORC study (see below) did not address either of the concerns about overseas absentee ballots and Nassau County's certification change, as their effects were already included in the baseline totals. Specifically, the use of different standards of counting in different counties violated the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution. CNN.com, 2001. The standards that were chosen for the NORC study ranged from a "most restrictive" standard (accepts only so-called perfect ballots that machines somehow missed and did not count, or ballots with unambiguous expressions of voter intent) to a "most inclusive" standard (applies a uniform standard of "dimple or better" on punch marks and "all affirmative marks" on optical scan ballots). The 2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida was a period of vote recounting in Florida that occurred during the weeks after Election Day in the 2000 United States presidential election between George W. Bush and Al Gore. But as more votes were counted, Bush edged into the lead later in the night, prompting networks to renounce their projections and name Florida as undecided. Then they called the Sunshine State for Bush, which was followed by a private concession by Gore that was itself soon rescinded. Networks initially projected Gore the winner in Florida, but later they declared that Bush had opened an insurmountable lead. Karl Rove, in full Karl Christian Rove, (born December 25, 1950, Denver, Colorado, U.S.), American political consultant and principal architect of U.S. Pres. On November 21, the Florida Supreme Court ruled unanimously that manual counts in Broward, Palm Beach and Miami-Dade Counties must be included and set 5:00p.m. on November 26 as the earliest time for certification. On the other hand, he said, Democrats talked like referees with a fear of pushing too hard, not wanting to be seen as sore losers. United States presidential election of 2000, A History of U.S. Presidential Elections in Maps. That phrase is being invoked a lot in light of this year's ultra-tight Florida statewide elections. [37] After the election, recounts conducted by various United States news media organizations continued to focus on undervotes. State results tallied on election night gave 246 electoral votes to Republican nominee Texas Governor George W. Bush and 255 to Democratic nominee Vice President Al Gore, with New Mexico (5), Oregon (7), and Florida (25) too close to call that evening. Bush v. Gore, legal case, decided on December 12, 2000, in which the Supreme Court of the United States reversed an order by the Florida Supreme Court for a selective manual recount of that states U.S. presidential election ballots. The recount was in progress on December 9 when the United States Supreme Court, by a 5 to 4 vote (Justices Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg and Breyer dissenting), granted Bush's emergency plea for a stay of the Florida Supreme Court recount ruling, stopping the incomplete recount. [19]:215216 Also, before the election, the Secretary of State's office had expunged tens of thousands of citizens identified as felons from the Florida voting rolls, with African-Americans identified on some counties' lists at up to five times their share of the population. How long would the recount have taken? Treating the petition as a writ of certiorari (a formal request for review), the Court agreed to take up the case, Bush v. Gore. Direct link to Mr. S's post B.K., sounds like you are, Posted 5 years ago. That decision was announced on live worldwide television by the Florida Supreme Court's spokesman Craig Waters, the Court's public information officer. *One Gore elector from Washington, D.C., abstained from casting an electoral vote. Undervotes from optical-scan counties, however, correlate with Democratic votes more than Republican votes, and in particular to counties that scanned ballots at a central location rather than at precinct locations. United States presidential election of 2000, American presidential election held on Nov. 7, 2000, in which Republican George W. Bush narrowly lost the popular vote to Democrat Al Gore but defeated Gore in the electoral college. The U.S. Supreme Courts ruling in Bush v. Gore terminated the recount process in Florida in the U.S. presidential election of 2000. To some, voting is a right that should be guaranteed regardless of any incompetence, error, failure, or irresponsibility on the part of the voter. ^2 2 in the election of 2000 florida was brainly . Please select which sections you would like to print: Michael Levy was political science editor (2000-06), executive editor (2006-11), editor of Britannica Blog (2010-11), and director of product content & curriculum (2011-12) at Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Initial election returns showed that Gore had won the popular vote, but neither candidate had garnered the 270 electoral votes required to win the presidency. Her work has appeared in The Washington Post, U.S. News & World Report andThe Hill. India? Florida had 25 electoral votes and became the focus of a court battle over the outcome of the election. Copyright 2023 Center for the National Interest All Rights Reserved. The vote had been announced by Florida's secretary of state. As USA Today said of the findings on May 11, 2001: USA Today: George W. Bush would have won a hand recount of all disputed ballots in Floridas presidential election if the most widely accepted standard for judging votes had been applied. Judge Robert Rosenberg of the Broward County Canvassing Board uses a magnifying glass to examine a dimpled chad on a punch card ballot on November 24, 2000 during a vote recount in Fort Lauderdale, Fla. Want to feel old? Escambia County also reported completing its recount that day but did not include all of its precincts. Why was a re-vote not enacted, that could have been monitored more carefully? However, Gore never asked for such a recount. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2000_United_States_presidential_election_recount_in_Florida&oldid=1136699969. The Associated Press reported the findings this way: AP: A vote-by-vote review of untallied ballots in the 2000 Florida presidential election indicates George W. Bush would have narrowly prevailed in the partial recounts sought by Al Gore, but Gore might have reversed the outcome by the barest of margins had he pursued and gained a complete statewide recount. Florida's secretary of state, Katherine Harris, a Republican, then gave counties until 2:00p.m. on November 15 to provide reasons for recounting their ballots. Meanwhile, Republicans relied on their own 52-page manual for the same purpose. The Florida recount was the subject of the 2008 television film Recount, which aired on HBO. Africa? If Gore had won the recount, then he would have won the election with a total of 292 electoral votes, and Bush would have lost with 246 electoral votes. 9 terms. At the time, Republicans expressed dismay at the idea of a recount. Gore won New Mexico and Oregon over the following few days; but the result in Florida was to be decisive, regardless of how those two states had voted. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. In 2000 that process took five weeks and only ended at the Supreme Court. Finally, we hit the seventh page.. Optical-scan counties were the only places in the study where Gore gained more votes than Bush, 1,036 to 775. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. Cerabino, Frank. Consider the fact that babies who were crying in cribs while their parents agonized over Florida's protracted presidential recount in 2000 are now of voting age. A full, official recount of all votes statewide could have gone either way, but one was never conducted. Dr. Gary King of Harvard University applied statistical modeling to determine that the best estimate for the impact of illegal votes would reduce the certified vote margin for Bush from 537 to 245. It was governed by Jeb Bush, a staunch conservative[8] and George W. Bush's brother. The 2000 presidential election between George W Bush and Al Gore was the closest election in modern history with the results hinging on voters in South Florida. Under Florida election law, a machine recount of all votes cast was required because the margin of victory was less than 0.5 percent. Conservatives claimed that the same ballot had been successfully used in the 1996 election;[18] in fact, it had never been used in a Palm Beach County election among rival candidates for office. In late October, however, the gap in the polls between Bush and Gore narrowed dramatically. The case of Palm Beach Canvassing Board v. Katherine Harris (also known as Harris I) was a lawsuit about whether county canvassing boards had authority to extend manual recounts in order to inspect ballots for which the machine counter did not register a vote. The Bush campaign subsequently appealed to the Supreme Court of the United States, which took up the case Bush v. Palm Beach County Canvassing Board on December 1. Jeb Bush really didn't do anything to rig the vote in Florida. The court ordered counties to submit returns by November 26, until which time the stay of certification would stand.[59]. [2] That deadline arrived two hours after the release of the Court's decision. Taken together with Florida, those states triggered the network's computer programs to conclude Gore would win the Electoral College. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. By November 10 the machine recount was complete, and Bushs lead stood at 327 votes out of six million cast. The process was extremely divisive and led to calls for electoral reform in Florida. [16][17], During the recount, controversy ensued with the discovery of various irregularities that had occurred in the voting process in several counties. If they did not send their electoral votes to Congress before the official the deadline to do so, neither Bush nor Gore could have reached 270 electoral votes and a contingent election would have taken place in the House of Representatives for President and in the Senate for Vice President, which would have been super messy and therefore everyone worked hard to avoid that situation. It was instead a painful reminder of the days when the battle for the ballot was, literally, a life-and-death matter. Gore appealed that decision to the Florida Supreme Court. Why is the 2000 Presidential election so controversial? - eNotes.com Officials in a majority of punch-card counties said they would accept a single-corner detached chad as an indicator of voter intent, and officials in a majority of optical scan counties said they would accept all affirmative marks as described in NORC codes as indicators of voter intent. On November 13 the Gore campaign and Volusia and Palm Beach Counties sued to have the deadlines extended.[13]. in the election of 2000 florida was brainly. Bush, and Democrat Bill Clinton. In the Election of 2000, Florida was (5 points) Select one: - Brainly.com Am I correct? According to factcheck.org, "Nobody can say for sure who might have won. In this race, the gap appeared to be roughly 0.01 percent. None of these findings are certain. The "set aside" ballots were dimpled ballots that were challenged by the two parties. The four in the minority had been nominated by three presidents: Republicans Gerald R. Ford and George H.W. Among the many bad things aboutBush v. Gore, one of the worst is it takes, like, till page seven until you find out the outcome of the case, Ron Klain, a Gore aide,toldthe Atlantic. The 2000 election between George W. Bush, the Republican candidate, and Democratic candidate Al Gore remains controversial because the vote between the two candidates was so close . "[4] A physical mark on a ballot, at or near a designated target, is such an indication. [21] Additionally, this Florida election produced many more "overvotes" than usual, especially in predominantly African-American precincts in Duval County (Jacksonville), where some 21,000 ballots had multiple markings, such as two or more choices for president. There are many possible responses to your question. The next day, the Florida Supreme Court allowed manual recounts in Palm Beach and Broward Counties to continue but left it to a state judge to decide whether Harris must include those votes in the final tally. The undervotes and overvotes in Florida amounted to 3% of all votes cast in the state. The 2000 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 7, 2000, as part of the nationwide presidential election. Former Vice President Al Gore evoked the ghosts of the 2000 election -- when he battled Republican nomineeGeorge W. Bushfor the White House -- as reporters asked him to comment on the state of the 2020 presidential race between Democratic nomineeJoe BidenandPresident Donald Trump. In the month following the election, some 50 individual suits were filed concerning the various counts, recounts, and certification deadlines. The Palm Beach Post put it more dramatically: He couldnt have caught George W. Bush even if his two best chances for an official recount had played out. Half of the overvotes in Duval County had one presidential candidate marked on each page, making their vote illegal under Florida law. Gore request for recounts in four counties: Florida Supreme Court order: accepts completed recounts for Broward, Palm Beach, Volusia and Miami-Dade (139 precincts); applies the above "prevailing standard" (but with no overvotes) to remaining Miami-Dade and other 63 counties.